| Type: | Package |
| Title: | Response Data for Light Sensors |
| Version: | 0.5.1 |
| Date: | 2023-10-23 |
| Maintainer: | Pedro J. Aphalo <pedro.aphalo@helsinki.fi> |
| Description: | Spectral response data for broadband ultraviolet and visible radiation sensors. Angular response data for broadband ultraviolet and visible radiation sensors and diffusers used as entrance optics. Data obtained from multiple sources were used: author-supplied data from scientific research papers, sensor-manufacturer supplied data, and published sensor specifications. Part of the 'r4photobiology' suite Aphalo P. J. (2015) <doi:10.19232/uv4pb.2015.1.14>. |
| License: | GPL-2 | GPL-3 [expanded from: GPL (≥ 2)] |
| VignetteBuilder: | knitr |
| Depends: | R (≥ 4.0.0), photobiology (≥ 0.11.0) |
| Suggests: | knitr (≥ 1.40), rmarkdown (≥ 2.16), photobiologyWavebands (≥ 0.5.0), ggspectra (≥ 0.3.12), ggplot2 (≥ 3.4.0) |
| LazyLoad: | yes |
| LazyData: | yes |
| ByteCompile: | true |
| Encoding: | UTF-8 |
| URL: | https://www.r4photobiology.info, https://github.com/aphalo/photobiologysensors |
| BugReports: | https://github.com/aphalo/photobiologysensors/issues |
| RoxygenNote: | 7.2.3 |
| NeedsCompilation: | no |
| Packaged: | 2023-10-24 00:20:29 UTC; aphalo |
| Author: | Pedro J. Aphalo 
[aut, cre] |
| Repository: | CRAN |
| Date/Publication: | 2023-10-24 09:00:02 UTC |
photobiologySensors: Response Data for Light Sensors
Description
Spectral response data for broadband ultraviolet and visible radiation sensors. Angular response data for broadband ultraviolet and visible radiation sensors and diffusers used as entrance optics. Data obtained from multiple sources were used: author-supplied data from scientific research papers, sensor-manufacturer supplied data, and published sensor specifications. Part of the 'r4photobiology' suite Aphalo P. J. (2015) doi:10.19232/uv4pb.2015.1.14.
Details
Data for spectral response for different types of broadband sensors are
stored as objects of class sensor_spct as collection members in
an object of class sensor_mspct.
In addition to the spectra the package provides character vectors of names
to be used as indexes to extract spectra from the collection.
Data for angular response for different types of broadband sensors and some
diffusers used as entrance optics for spectrometers are stored as objects
of class data.frame as members of a list.
In addition to the list of data frames, the package provides character vectors of names
to be used as indexes to extract the data frames from the named list.
The data in this package are not original. Some have been provided by authors of scientific publications and manufacturers. However, most of the spectra have been digitized from manufacturer's brochures and manuals available on web sites.
Warning!
The spectral data included in this package are not all based on supplier's specifications and are only for information. The exact response spectrum depends to some extent on testing conditions, but more importantly varies among individual sensor units. Spectral specifications are usually given as typical values. All the sensors for which data are presented here need periodic calibration. In other words, the data provided here are not a substitute for actual calibration under measuring conditions for each individual sensor unit. For less demanding situations like roughly assessing the suitability of sensors or the need or not of a transfer calibration, the data are good enough. They can be especially useful in teaching.
Data and their units of expression
Data are normalized to one at the wavelength of maximum response to energy. Wavelengths are expressed in nanometres as required by the classes from package 'photobiology' used to store the data. The User Guide shows how to re-scale and normalize the data using other criteria.
Author(s)
Maintainer: Pedro J. Aphalo pedro.aphalo@helsinki.fi (ORCID)
References
Aphalo, Pedro J. (2015) The r4photobiology suite. UV4Plants Bulletin, 2015:1, 21-29. doi:10.19232/uv4pb.2015.1.14.
See Also
Useful links:
Report bugs at https://github.com/aphalo/photobiologysensors/issues
Examples
library(photobiology)
library(photobiologyWavebands)
library(ggspectra)
names(sensors.mspct)
licor_sensors
par_sensors
intersect(par_sensors, licor_sensors)
photon_as_default()
response(sensors.mspct$LICOR_LI_190R, w.band = PAR(), quantity = "contribution.pc")
autoplot(sensors.mspct$LICOR_LI_190R, w.band = PAR(), label.qty = "contribution.pc")
names(diffusers.lst)
cosine_diffusers
Entrance optics
Description
A vector of names useful for extracting subsets of angular
response data from the diffusers.lst object.
Usage
all_diffusers
cosine_diffusers
dome_diffusers
entrance_optics
sensor_optics
ic_optics
ideal_optics
Format
A character vector of names of members of the list of data frames.
An object of class character of length 16.
An object of class character of length 2.
An object of class character of length 0.
An object of class character of length 12.
An object of class character of length 3.
An object of class character of length 3.
Note
Irradiance measurements require diffusers or sensors with a responsivity proportional to the cosine of the angle of incidence. These described as cosine corrected. In practice no real diffusers achieve this over 180 degrees, and only the best approach the expected response over an angle of 160 to 170 degrees.
Hemispherical scalar irradiance (or hemispherical fluence rate) requires an entrance optics with a response invariant with the angle of incidence over 180 degrees in 3D. Such sensors or diffusers are seldom available off-the-shelf.
Scalar irradiance (or fluence rate) measurements require a diffuser with response invariant over 360 degrees in 3D.
Examples
all_diffusers
'ams' sensors
Description
A vector of indexes for extracting subsets of spectra from the
sensors.mspct object.
Usage
ams_sensors
Format
A character vector of names of members of the collection of spectra.
Details
TSL254R light-to-voltage optical sensor combining a photodiode and a transimpedance amplifier, sold as electronic components. The spectral response is nearly identical for type TSL250, TSL251 and TSL252. (part is no longer in production.)
TSL257 high-sensitivity low-noise light-to-voltage optical converter that combines a photodiode and a transimpedance amplifier, sold as electronic components.
Note
Digitized with 'DigitizeIt' from manufacturers data sheets. This are approximate data, both because of the digitizing process, and because they are either typical values or for a specific sensor unit. Individual sensor units are expected to differ to some degree in spectral response.
Manufacturer: ams-OSRAM AG, Austria. https://ams.com/ams-start
References
Data sheet for TSL254R (TAOS, TAOS071C - SEPTEMBER 2007)
Data sheet for TSL257 ([v1-00] 2016-Jul-25)
Examples
ams_sensors
Analytik-Jena sensors.
Description
A vector of names useful for extracting subsets of spectra from
the sensors.mspct object.
Usage
analytik_sensors
Format
A character vector of names of members of the collection of spectra.
Details
UVX-25, UVX-31 and UVX-36 sensor for UV-C, UV-B and UV-A radiation, respectively. Detection system includes optical filters and a Si photodiode.
Note
Digitized with 'DigitizeIt' from figures 6, 7 and 8 from manufacturers product manual. This are approximate data, both because of the digitizing process, and because they are either typical values or for a particular sensor unit. Individual sensor units are expected to differ to some degree in spectral response.
Manufacturer: Analytik Jena US LLC, Upland, CA, USA (former UVP) https://www.analytik-jena.com/ or https://www.uvp.com/.
References
Product manual: 'UVP UVX Radiometer: Instruction Guide'
Examples
analytik_sensors
apogee broadband sensors
Description
A vector of indexes for extracting subsets of spectra from the
sensors.mspct object.
Usage
apogee_sensors
Format
A character vector of names of members of the collection of spectra.
Details
apogee SQ-100X-SS: Original Quantum Sensor.
apogee SQ-500-SS: Full-Spectrum Quantum Sensor
apogee SQ-610-SS 400-750nm ePAR Sensor (extended PAR quantum)
apogee SU-200-SS: UV-A Sensor (UV-A, "energy")
apogee S2-131-SS Red and Far-Red Sensor, Red channel, quantum
apogee S2-131-SS Red and Far-Red Sensor, Far-Red channel, quantum
Note
Digitized with 'DigitizeIt' from manufacturers product on-line specifications. This are approximate data, both because of the digitizing process from low resolution bitmaps, and because they are either typical values or for a particular sensor unit. Individual sensor units are expected to differ to some degree in spectral response.
Manufacturer: Apogee Instruments, Inc., Logan, UT, USA.
References
https://www.apogeeinstruments.com/quantum/ visited on 2023-10-10.
Examples
apogee_sensors
'Berger' UV-Biometer
Description
A vector of names useful for extracting subsets of spectra from
the sensors.mspct object.
Usage
berger_sensors
Format
A character vector of names of members of the collection of spectra.
Note
'Berger' UV-Biometer (Fig. 1 in Berger, 1994). Digitized with 'enguage' from manufacturers brochures. These are approximate data, both because of the digitizing process, and because they are either typical values or for a particular sensor unit. Individual sensor units are expected to differ to some degree in spectral response.
References
Berger, Daniel (n.d., ca. 1994) A comparison of Spectroradiometers to Radiometers for UV Radiation Measurements. Solar Light Co., Inc., Philadelphia.
Examples
berger_sensors
Delta-T sensors
Description
A vector of names useful for extracting subsets of spectra from
the sensors.mspct object.
Usage
deltat_sensors
Format
A character vector of names of members of the collection of spectra.
Note
Spectral data digitized from figure in manufacturer's manual. These are typical measured data, and for specific sensor units the calibration data supplied with the sensor must be used as individual units may differ in their spectral response. Furthermore, the digigitizing process from figures with a linear scale is prone to errors, which are specially noticeable in regions of low responsivity.
Manufacturer: Delta-T Devices Ltd, CAMBRIDGE CB25 0EJ, UK https://delta-t.co.uk/
References
Manufacturer's User Manual Version: 1.0 dated Nov 2010
Examples
deltat_sensors
Angular response of sensors
Description
A collection of angular response data for selected broadband sensors used for measuring ultraviolet and visible radiation and of cosine diffusers used with spectrometers. Each data frame in the collection contains three variables, angle.deg (degrees) at either regular or irregular intervals, response relative to the maximum (as a fraction of one) and response relative to a perfect cosine response (as a fraction of one). Data are either from manufacturer specifications or independent measurements reported in the scientific literature.
Usage
diffusers.lst
Format
A response_mspct object containing a
response_spct objects as named members.
Each member spectrum contains three variables:
angle.deg (degrees)
response (/1)
response.over.cosine (/1)
Note
Values are only good as reference, as individual sensors and diffusers deviate to a smaller or larger extent from typical or mean responses for their type. Variability is also reflected in some cases as an asymmetry in opposite angles away from the vertical.
Examples
names(diffusers.lst)
Idealized sensors
Description
A vector of names useful for extracting subsets of spectra from
the sensors.mspct object.
Usage
ideal_sensors
Format
A character vector of names of members of the collection of spectra.
Note
Flat spectral response to spectral energy irradiance and to spectral photon irradiance.
Examples
ideal_sensors
Kipp Radiometers.
Description
A vector of names useful for extracting subsets of spectra from
the sensors.mspct object.
Usage
kipp_sensors
Format
A character vector of names of members of the collection of spectra.
Details
Kipp CUV 5 Broadband UV Radiometer: Detection system includes optical filters and a photodiode.
Kipp PQS 1 PAR Quantum Sensor: Detection system includes optical filters and a photodiode.
UVS-A-T Radiometer, UVS-B-T Radiometer, Kipp UVS-E-T Erythemal Radiometer: The detection system includes optical filters and a phosphor that determine the spectral response. The phosphor is very sensitive to low levels of ultraviolet radiation and is stimulated by the UV to emit green light, which is detected by a photodiode. The system is temperature stabilised at +25 °C to prevent changes in spectral response and sensitivity with variations in the ambient conditions.
Manufacturer: Kipp & Zonen B.V., Delftechpark 36, 2628 XH Delft, Nederlands. https://www.kippzonen.com/
Note
Digitized with 'enguage' from manufacturers brochures. These are approximate data, both because of the digitizing process, and because they are either typical values or for a particular sensor unit. Individual sensor units are expected to differ to some degree in spectral response.
References
Brochure 'Broadband UV Radiometers', Brochure 'PQS 1 PAR Quantum Sensor', Brochure 'Broadband UV Radiometers'.
Examples
kipp_sensors
LI-COR sensors
Description
A vector of names useful for extracting subsets of spectra from
the sensors.mspct object.
Usage
licor_sensors
Format
A character vector of names of members of the collection of spectra.
Details
In the LI-190SA and LI-190 PAR quantum sensor (PAR = photosynthetically active radiation) colored glass filters are used to tailor the silicon photodiode response to the desired quantum response. They have the same spectral response.
The type of filter used in the LI-190R PAR quantum sensor is not described, but improves the spectral response compared to the LI-190.
The LI-200SA features a silicon photovoltaic detector. This is not a true 'pyranometer' and should be used only in sunlight, and calibrated in sunlight.
The LI-210SA Photometric Sensor utilizes a filtered silicon photodiode to provide a spectral response that matches the CIE curve within ± 5 light sources.
The LI-210R Photometric Sensor utilizes a filtered silicon photodiode to provide a spectral response that matches the CIE curve.
Note
Digitized with 'engauge' or 'DigitizeIt" from manufacturers brochures and other publications. These are approximate data, both because of the digitizing process, and because they are either typical values or for a particular sensor unit. Individual sensor units are expected to differ to some degree in spectral response.
Manufacturer: LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, Nebraska https://www.licor.com/env/
References
LI-COR (2005) Instruction Manual 'LI-COR Terrestrial Radiation Sensors'. LI-COR (2015) Technical Note 'Why Upgrade to the "R" Light and Radiation Sensors?'
Examples
licor_sensors
Spectral response of sensors
Description
A collection of response spectra for various broadband sensors used for measuring ultraviolet and visible radiation. Each spectrun in the collection contains two variables, wavelengths (nm) at either regular or irregular intervals and spectral responsiveness (in energy units). Spectral data are in most cases normalized to one at the wavelength of maximum energy responsivity. Absolute calibration values are given only for data from a publication which reports on mulstiple units of the same type.
Usage
sensors.mspct
Format
A response_mspct object containing a
response_spct objects as named members.
Each member spectrum contains two variables, with responsivity in most cases in relative energy units:
w.length (nm)
s.e.response (r.u.)
Note
In addition to this object containing the spectral data, this package provides character vectors useful for subsetting spectra by supplier, type, color, etc.
See Also
Examples
names(sensors.mspct)
sglux broadband sensors
Description
A vector of indexes for extracting subsets of spectra from the
sensors.mspct object.
Usage
sglux_sensors
Format
A character vector of members of the collection of spectra.
Details
sglux SG01D-A UV-A broadband sensor (filtered SiC sensor).
sglux SG01D-B UV-B broadband sensor (filtered SiC sensor, VIS-blind).
sglux SG01D-C UV-C broadband sensor (filtered SiC sensor, "solar-blind").
sglux SG01L SiC broadband sensor (SiC sensor not filtered).
sglux TOCON blue 4 blue light broadband sensor (pre-amplified GaP detector).
TOCON preamplified sensors with similar spectral response as the diodes are also available from sglux. The blue light sensor is only available as preamplified TOCON. Sensors are available in different configurations with different sensitivity and with different angular responses, and encased to resist different environmental conditions.
Manufacturer: sglux GmbH, Richard-Willstätter-Str. 8, 12489 Berlin, Germany. https://sglux.de/en/
Note
Original data supplied by the manufacturer as a computer readable file. These are typical measured data. Individual sensor units are expected to differ to a small degree in spectral response.
References
personal communication from Dr.\ Stefan Langer.
Examples
sglux_sensors
Skye-Instruments Sensors
Description
A vector of names useful for extracting subsets of spectra from
the sensors.mspct object.
Usage
skye_sensors
Format
A character vector of names of members of the collection of spectra.
Details
Skye PAR quantum Sensor SKP215, Skye PAR energy sensor SKE510, Skye Lux sensor SKL310, Skye PAR 'Special' Sensor SKP210, Skye PAR quantum Sensor SKP215, Skye 660/730 Sensor (Red/Far Red) Sensor SKR110 (red and far-red channels), Skye Pyranometer Sensor SKS1110, Skye UV-A Sensor Sensor SKU421, Skye UV-A Sensor Sensor SKU421 V. 3, Skye UV-B Sensor Sensor SKU430 V. 3, Skye UVI Sensor Sensor SKU440 V. 3.
Manufacturer: Skye Instruments, Llandrindod Wells, Powys, UK https://www.skyeinstruments.com/
Note
Spectral data digitized from figures in manufacturer's manuals. These are typical measured data, and for specific sensor units the calibration data supplied with the sensor must be used as individual may differ in their spectral response. Furthermore, the digigitizing process from figures with a linear scale is prone to errors, which are specially noticeable in regions of low responsivity.
References
Manufacturer's brochure for 'SKP215' dated 2007-10-03. Manufacturer's brochure for 'SKP510' dated 2007-10-02. Manufacturer's brochure for 'SKL310' dated 2007-10-09 Manufacturer's brochure for 'SKP210' dated 2007-10-03 Manufacturer's brochure for 'Skye 660/730 Sensor (Red/Far Red) Sensor SKR110' dated 2007-10-09 Manufacturer's brochure 'Skye Pyranometer Sensor SKS1110' dated 2009-08-19 Manufacturer's 'UV-A, UV-B & UV-I Sensors' Manual, Iss. 1.1 Manufacturer's 'SKU 421 UVA Sensor' V. 3 brochure, not dated, dowloaded on 2015-01-24 Manufacturer's 'SKU 430 UVB Sensor' V. 3 brochure, not dated, dowloaded on 2015-01-24 Manufacturer's 'SKU 440 UV Index Sensor' V. 3 brochure, not dated, dowloaded on 2015-01-24
KJ McCree. The action spectrum, absorbance and quantum yield of photosynthesis in crop plants. Agricultural Meteorology. 1971/72 Vol 9, pp 191-216
Examples
skye_sensors
Solar Light sensors
Description
A vector of names useful for extracting subsets of spectra from
the sensors.mspct object.
Usage
solarlight_sensors
Format
A character vector of names of members of the collection of spectra.
Details
Solar Light UVB biometer model 501 (units with high and low UV-A sensitivity, and a typical unit). Data from an intercomparison.
Manufacturer: Solar Light Company, Glenside, PA, U.S.A.
Source
Data kindly made available by Lasse Ylianttila. These are the responses from a unit with higher and lower response to UVA radiation than typical units, as well as the response for a typical unit as observed in an instrument intercomparison.
References
Leszczynski K, Jokela K, Ylianttila L, Visuri R, Blumthaler M. 1997. Report of the WMO/STUK Intercomparison of erythemally-weighted solar UV radiometers (Spring/Summer 1995, Helsinki, Finland). WMO-GAW Report No. 112, 90 pages.
Leszczynski K, Jokela K, Ylianttila L, Visuri R, Blumthaler M. 1998. Erythemally weighted radiometers in solar UV monitoring: results from the WMO/STUK Intercomparison. Photochem. Photobiol. 67(2):212-221.
https://solarlight.com/product/uvb-biometer-model-501-radiometer/
Examples
solarlight_sensors
Solarmeter devices
Description
A vector of names useful for extracting subsets of spectra from
the sensors.mspct object.
Usage
solarmeter_sensors
Format
A character vector of names of members of the collection of spectra.
Details
SOLARMETER MODEL 6.0 UV METER: Silicon Carbide (SIC) Photodiode packaged in hermetically sealed UV glass window cap. Interference filter coating (Metal Oxide) blocks most UVA.
Manufacturer: Solartech, Inc., 26101 Harbour Pointe Dr N., Harrison Twp, MI 48045
Note
Digitized with 'enguage' from manufacturers brochures. These are approximate data, both because of the digitizing process, and because they are either typical values or for a particular sensor unit. Individual sensor units are expected to differ to some degree in spectral response.
References
digitized from SM60graph.gif obtained from https://www.solarmeter.com/ on 20 December 2013.
Examples
solarmeter_sensors
Specmeters broadband sensors
Description
A vector of indexes for extracting subsets of spectra from the
sensors.mspct object.
Usage
specmeters_sensors
Format
A character vector of names of members of the collection of spectra.
Details
Specmeters 3415F PAR quantum sensor
Note
Digitized with 'DigitizeIt' from manufacturers product Quantum Light Meters PRODUCT MANUAL (R 06/14). This are approximate data, both because of the digitizing process, and because they are either typical values or for a specific sensor unit. Individual sensor units are expected to differ to some degree in spectral response.
Manufacturer: Spectrum Technologies, Inc., Aurora, IL, USA.
References
Quantum Light Meters PRODUCT MANUAL (R 06/14). https://www.specmeters.com/
Examples
specmeters_sensors
Thies Clima sensors
Description
A vector of names useful for extracting subsets of spectra from
the sensors.mspct object.
Usage
thiesclima_sensors
Format
A character vector of names of members of the collection of spectra.
Details
Thies Clima E1.c broadband UVB sensor
Manufacturer: Thies Clima, Göttingen, DE https://www.thiesclima.com/
Source
Digitized with 'DigitizeIt' from manufacturers manual. These are approximate data, both because of the digitizing process, and because they are either typical values or for a particular sensor unit. Individual sensor units are expected to differ to some degree in spectral response.
Examples
thiesclima_sensors
Sensors responsive to different wavebands
Description
Names of datasets containing the wavelengths and tabulated values spectral responsivity for broadband sensors from various suppliers.
Usage
uv_sensors
uvc_sensors
uvb_sensors
erythemal_sensors
uva_sensors
par_sensors
epar_sensors
vis_sensors
photometric_sensors
shortwave_sensors
pyranometer_sensors
red_sensors
far_red_sensors
blue_sensors
multichannel_sensors
electronic_components
Format
A vector of character strings.
An object of class character of length 2.
An object of class character of length 6.
An object of class character of length 9.
An object of class character of length 6.
An object of class character of length 8.
An object of class character of length 1.
An object of class character of length 2.
An object of class character of length 2.
An object of class character of length 2.
An object of class character of length 2.
An object of class character of length 2.
An object of class character of length 2.
An object of class character of length 1.
An object of class character of length 6.
An object of class character of length 5.
See Also
Examples
uv_sensors # ultraviolet
uvc_sensors # ultraviolet-C
uvb_sensors # ultraviolet-B
uva_sensors # ultraviolet-A
epar_sensors # extended photosynthetically active radiation
par_sensors # photosynthetically active radiation
vis_sensors # "visual" light sensors
shortwave_sensors
red_sensors
far_red_sensors
blue_sensors
multichannel_sensors
electronic_components # native spectral response, sold as parts
# select PAR sensors
sensors.mspct[par_sensors]
'Vishay' sensors
Description
A vector of indexes for extracting subsets of spectra from the
sensors.mspct object.
Usage
vishay_sensors
Format
A character vector of names of members of the collection of spectra.
Details
Vishay VEML6075 UVA and UVB sensor with I2C digital interface. Two spectra, one for each channel.
Note
Digitized with 'DigitizeIt' from manufacturers' electronic component data sheet. This are approximate data, both because of the digitizing process, and because they are either typical values or for a specific sensor unit. Individual sensor units are expected to differ to some degree in spectral response.
Manufacturer: VISHAY INTERTECHNOLOGY, INC. Shelton, CT, USA. https://www.vishay.com/.
References
Document Number: 84304, Rev. 1.2, 23-Nov-16; VISHAY INTERTECHNOLOGY, INC.
Examples
vishay_sensors
Vital Technologies sensors
Description
A vector of names useful for extracting subsets of spectra from
the sensors.mspct object.
Usage
vitaltech_sensors
Format
A character vector of names of members of the collection of spectra.
Details
Vital "Blue Wave" BW-20 UV-B "erythemal" radiometer. Data for a specific unit included in a sensor intercomparison event.
Manufacturer: Vital Technologies, Canada. Company no longer in business.
Source
Data kindly made available by Lasse Ylianttila.
References
Leszczynski K, Jokela K, Ylianttila L, Visuri R, Blumthaler M. 1997. Report of the WMO/STUK Intercomparison of erythemally-weighted solar UV radiometers (Spring/Summer 1995, Helsinki, Finland). WMO-GAW Report No. 112, 90 pages.
Leszczynski K, Jokela K, Ylianttila L, Visuri R, Blumthaler M. 1998. Erythemally weighted radiometers in solar UV monitoring: results from the WMO/STUK Intercomparison. Photochem. Photobiol. 67(2):212-221.
Examples
vitaltech_sensors